Solidarita se seniory v ČR – proklamace, realita a jaká budoucnost?
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Abstract
Abstrakt:
V článku je tematizována problematika solidarity, a to jak v stručném historickém ohlédnutí, tak v současnosti. S důsledky její všeobecné eroze se prakticky setkávají všichni senioři a také ti, kteří o ně profesionálně nebo laicky pečují. I když redukci solidarity pociťují všechny vyspělé státy světa, je upozorněno na česká specifika, která ji provázejí. V budoucnu bude péče (nejen) o seniory limitována konceptem tzv. nové solidarity, který je očekáván, ale ochota ho vytvořit je zatím minimální. Rozhodující bude, zda se nejen odborníci, ale i laická veřejnost rozhodne, zda je zdraví zbožím jako každé jiné, nebo vysokou hodnotou, kterou je třeba chránit prvky zvláštního režimu. Doprovodně je třeba hledat konsenzus k odpovědi na otázku, do jaké míry je nebo má být zdraví individuální nebo též veřejnou hodnotou. Principy ochrany veřejného zdraví jsou dosud uplatňovány. Teprve po řádné diskuzi vedoucí ke konceptu, co si většinově přejeme, je možné odpovědně rekonstruovat stávající zdravotní a sociální systém a vyvažovat „kolik trhu a kolik státu“ by v něm mělo být.
Abstract:
The article deals with the issue of solidarity both in the brief historical and present perspective. Practically all seniors as well as those who provide them professional or informal care are faced with the consequences of the general erosion of solidarity. Although all developed countries are confronted with the reduction of solidarity, the article underlines the specific situation in the Czech Republic. In the future, provision of care not only for the seniors but for all will be determined by the concept of so called “new solidarity”, which is expected to come, but the willingness to create it is still low. It will be crucial that not only professionals but also the general public decides whether health is a commodity like any other or high value, which should be protected in a special regime. At the same time, it is necessary to seek consensus on the question to what extent health is or should be individual or public value. Principles of public health are still implemented. Only after proper discussion, leading to the understanding of what a majority wishes, we can responsibly reform the existing health and social systems and to balance between how big role “market and state” should play in it.
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