Racionálnosť eutanázie. Rationality of Euthanasia
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Abstract
Abstract: In this paper, I make the case for voluntary euthanasia of adults. My position is that this kind of euthanasia can be rationally justified. Firstly, I present an argument in favour of rationality of suicide and propose a set of general conditions for a rational suicide. Secondly, I argue that if suicide can be rational, then euthanasia can be rational. Then I anticipate counter-arguments against my position and suggest their refutations. I answer the following objections: that i) it is not possible to preferentially compare life and death and prefer the latter; that ii) it is not possible for life to not be worth living; and that iii) the judgement, that life is not worth living, is necessarily irrational. Concerning objection i) I show that it is possible to preferentially compare life and death and prefer the latter; concerning ii) I show that two possible justifications for this objection are untenable; and concerning iii) I show that three possible justifications for this objection are untenable. Finally, I conclude that euthanasia can be rational.
Abstrakt: V tomto článku obhajujem názor, že dobrovoľná eutanázia dospelých môže byť racionálna. Najprv ponúknem argument v prospech racionálnosti sebausmrtenia a následne navrhnem všeobecnú sadu podmienok pre racionálne sebausmrtenie. Potom argumentujem, že ak môže byť sebausmrtenie racionálne, tak aj eutanázia môže byť racionálna. Následne anticipujem námietky a reagujem na ne. Odpovedám na námietky, že i) nie je možné preferenčne porovnávať život a smrť a preferovať smrť; že ii) nie je možné, aby život nebol hoden žitia; a že ii) súd, že život nie je hoden žitia, je nevyhnutne iracionálny. Ohľadom námietky i) ukazujem, že je možné preferenčne porovnávať medzi životom a smrťou a preferovať smrť, ohľadom ii) ukazujem, že dva možné spôsoby zdôvodnenia tejto námietky nie sú udržateľné a ohľadom iii) ukazujem, že tri možné spôsoby zdôvodnenia tejto námietky nie sú udržateľné. Nakoniec uzatváram, že eutanázia môže byť racionálna.
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